Calculus

Calculus is the mathematical study of continuous change, focusing on how things change over time or space, using two main branches: differential calculus (finding instantaneous rates of change, slopes, and derivatives) and integral calculus (finding accumulation, areas, volumes, and sums of infinite small parts). It provides the tools to model motion, growth, and accumulation, serving as the foundation for physics, engineering, economics, and many other sciences by dealing with curves and dynamic systems, unlike static algebra.